La estrategia nacional de ciencia, tecnología, conocimiento e innovación (CTCI), para el desarrollo, es la primera que se presenta, en el marco de la nueva institucionalidad de CTCI, y que creó el primer ministerio sobre estas áreas en nuestro país. Uno de los aspectos más débiles de la estrategia propuesta es la carencia de un enfoque de género en su formulación. Para tener investigación de calidad, esta no se debe generar desde prejuicios de género preexistentes.
Adriana Bastías
La estrategia nacional de ciencia, tecnología, conocimiento e innovación (CTCI), para el desarrollo, es la primera que se presenta, en el marco de la nueva institucionalidad de CTCI, y que creó el primer ministerio sobre estas áreas en nuestro país. Este consejo viene a reemplazar o suceder al Consejo Nacional de Innovación para el desarrollo (CNID). Su propósito es: “que la CTCI constituya un pilar fundamental de la sociedad, para impulsar la creación de valor entendida en un sentido amplio, contribuyendo a la preservación de la biosfera, sus ecosistemas y su biodiversidad, y al desarrollo de una sociedad inclusiva y ética”.
Este consejo de CTCI está formado por Álvaro Fisher (quien lo preside), Flavio Salazar (actual ministro de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación), Andrés Antivil, Isabel Behncke, Loreto Bravo, Verónica Cabezas, Guillermo Chong, Juan Carlos de la Llera, Alexis Kalergis, Flavia Morello, Rosario Navarro, Carlos Olavarría, María Andrea Rodríguez, Bárbara Saavedra, Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel y Claudio Seebach. Estas personas, fueron nombradas, en forma definitiva en diciembre del año 2021. Pero, la estrategia comenzó a elaborarse más de dos años antes de esta fecha, en agosto del 2019, cuando, en forma transitoria, el consejo lo formaban Andrés Couve (ministro de CTCI de la época), Lucas Palacios (ministro de Economía), Álvaro Fisher, Carlos de la Llera, Bárbara Saavedra, Rodrigo Jordán y Claudia Bobadilla, además del equipo de la secretaría ejecutiva. Las fechas declaradas no dejan de ser llamativas, ya que es probable que el grueso de la estrategia entregada se haya realizado antes de diciembre del 2021. Si bien se declara en la estrategia la existencia de un proceso participativo, a principios del 2022.
Esta estrategia pretende entregar una serie de orientaciones y lineamientos para fortalecer el ecosistema CTCI, el que estaría conformado por instituciones de investigación y fomento de actividades ligadas a la CTCI, las organizaciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales relacionadas, sistemas de conocimiento local y nacional, empresas, universidades y centros educacionales etc. Además, se señala la importancia de generar Estrategias Regionales de CTCI que articulen y contribuyan a la Estrategia Nacional, y el rol crucial de las ciencias sociales y la investigación en artes y humanidades, en la contribución al desarrollo del país.
Se presentan lo que denominan 5 catalizadores que funcionarían como aceleradores de la capacidad transformadora de la CTCI: 1. La CTCI inserta en un relato de Chile que haga sentido a su gente y fortalezca su identidad interna y ante el mundo, basado en las características territoriales del país; 2. La CTCI, al servicio de los desafíos país y las necesidades de sus habitantes; 3. La CTCI, aportando a la sustentabilidad de los ecosistemas y la preservación de la biodiversidad; 4. Complementación público-privada para potenciar el rol transformador de la CTCI y 5. La educación en CTCI, y CTCI en educación en todos sus niveles.
Uno de los aspectos más débiles de la estrategia propuesta es la carencia de un enfoque de género en su formulación. Si bien, dentro de los aspectos transversales del ecosistema de CTCI, se menciona el: “abordar la brecha de género removiendo las barreras que han impedido la participación en igualdad de condiciones de las mujeres, pues constituye un deber ético de inclusión, que enriquece al ecosistema con el talento de todas las personas”, haciendo alusión a la Política Nacional de Igualdad de Género en CTCI del Ministerio del año 2021, es prácticamente el único párrafo en que se hace referencia a un tema importante como es la igualdad de género en investigación. Además, para tener investigación de calidad, esta no se debe generar desde prejuicios de género preexistentes. Esto es llamativo, ya que mientras una de las conclusiones aprobadas, durante la reunión de veintisiete ministros de investigación de los países de la Unión Europea celebrada este año en Luxemburgo, establece que la igualdad de género guíe la cooperación internacional en la investigación y la innovación, pero este aspecto no fue mencionado en la estrategia. Más aún, el discurso del ministro Giorgio Jackson, quien asistió en representación del presidente Gabriel Boric, hizo hincapié en la contribución de las mujeres en ciencias y la generación de conocimiento, pero este aspecto no fue mencionado en la presentación de la estrategia que realizó previamente Álvaro Fisher.
Lamentablemente, esta ceremonia no fue transmitida en forma online como se había anunciado, y si bien, desde la cuenta de Twitter del consejo de CTCI, se señaló que esto se había cancelado desde presidencia, la verdad es que no es una buena señal cuando hablamos de la necesidad de descentralizar la generación del conocimiento, y facilitar la llegada a la comunidad e incluso, no se condice con el propósito y la visión de esta estrategia.
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