Por Rolando Cárdenas
La frase del general director de Carabineros en entrevista concedida a Radio Biobío representa de manera clara no sólo el estado de ánimo del general Yáñez, sino que de la ciudadanía, ante un hecho horrible e impensable hace pocos años atrás.
Situaciones de esta naturaleza pueden representar un punto de inflexión en la política y es esperable que así suceda. Repasemos los hechos conocidos y el movimiento de los actores políticos en esta grave situación.
El asesinato de los tres carabineros, el sargento 1º Carlos Cisterna Navarro, el cabo 1º Sergio Arévalo Lobo y el cabo 1º Misael Vidal Cid, se produjo cerca de la 1.00 de la madrugada en el sector de Antiquina, en la comuna de Cañete, cuando estaban controlando medidas cautelares dictadas por los tribunales. Fueron muertos a tiros y posteriormente sus cuerpos quemados junto al vehículo en que se desplazaban. Así como se desarrollaron los hechos, aún no se sabe el detalle y probablemente tendremos claridad cuando se realice el juicio a los posibles culpables, porque hay un dato duro que entregaba la ministra Tohá: cada uno de los asesinatos de Carabineros involucra o personas que están siendo juzgadas o personas condenadas.
No podemos olvidar el contexto, la celebración del día del Carabinero, y pocos días atrás la sentencia de culpabilidad al líder de la CAM, Héctor Llaitul. No hay certeza si el crimen se relaciona con alguna o ambas situaciones.
Otro elemento de contexto es la formalización al director general de Carabineros el 7 de mayo y la doctrina Tohá respecto que autoridad formalizada debe dejar su cargo.
El crimen cometido se asemeja a las acciones llevadas a cabo por las bandas narcos, con un nivel de violencia y crueldad nunca visto en la zona.
Las declaraciones iniciales de los actores políticos, tanto oficialistas como opositores, fueron llamando a la unidad de propósitos para enfrentar esta situación, sin embargo, con el correr de las horas las cosas fueron cambiando.
El gobierno, en una muy oportuna y rápida reacción, viajó a la zona acompañado por todos los poderes del Estado, comandantes en jefe, presidente de la Corte Suprema, fiscal nacional, jefes policiales, ministra del Interior y subsecretario del Interior, ministra de Defensa, presidentes de ambas cámaras, comisiones de Defensa y de Seguridad de ambas cámaras. Una buena señal que permite coordinar en terreno las acciones más eficaces en esta situación. Por otra parte, de manera clara se definió que no se aceptaría la renuncia del general Yáñez y que se buscaría la forma de hacerlo sin intervenir en las decisiones judiciales. Es importante hacer presente que el fiscal regional Armendáriz, a cargo del caso del general Yáñez, presentó un escrito hoy al mediodía, solicitando la postergación de la formalización, una muy buena ayuda al gobierno.
Es importante señalar que, desde el punto de vista comunicacional, la ministra Tohá y el subsecretario Monsalve han tenido una destacada labor, con claridad en sus intervenciones y dando certezas que responden de manera adecuada a la ofuscación que vive la población.
El líder de Republicanos, Kast, solicitó la renuncia de todas las autoridades del ministerio del Interior y la UDI, que resiente el drenaje de electores por la derecha que le hace republicanos, aparece indicando menos palabras y más tanques en la calle. Además, desde este sector político, se hace notar que estos hechos son posibles por la actitud de las actuales autoridades en los momentos del estallido social. Junto a lo anterior de manera unánime, se solicita la permanencia del general Yáñez en su cargo y por cierto, la bala de plata que arreglará todos los problemas, que en este caso es la solicitud de decretar estado de sitio en la zona.
El oficialismo más bien silente y como siempre dividido en dos almas, tiene por una parte al Socialismo Democrático apoyando la gestión del gobierno y respaldando la mantención de Yáñez en el cargo. El FA y el PC más bien reticentes a apoyar las medidas gubernamentales.
Los parlamentarios decidieron suspender la semana distrital y concentrarse esta semana en la aprobación de las leyes de inteligencia, reglas de uso de la fuerza, entre otras.
Hay varios riesgos asociados que es necesario tener presente, uno es la polarización que vivimos en la política y la variable electoral que la potencia. Segundo, legislar “en caliente” sin sopesar adecuadamente todas las variables que están en juego.
En tercer lugar, el fenómeno de los grupos radicales que actúan en la zona que no se pueden asimilar al conjunto del pueblo mapuche. Hace mucho tiempo nuestra columnista Alicia Mercado, logró entrevistar a un integrante de la PDI que daba a conocer su experiencia en la zona y cómo las mafias dedicadas al robo de la madera y el creciente tráfico de drogas tenían vasos comunicantes con estos grupos. No debemos olvidar que la solución al conflicto mapuche es política y es necesario aislar a los grupos violentistas, que parecieran estar siendo funcionales al crimen organizado; veremos si la investigación de este horrible crimen nos da pistas más claras de este fenómeno.
Por último, es importante que parte de la voluntad conjunta que cabe mostrar como sociedad, sea apoyar la gestión de la Comisión Presidencial para la Paz y el Entendimiento, y avanzar en soluciones que muestren de verdad la decisión del Estado de atacar las razones profundas del conflicto que vive la zona.
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