El nuevo ministro de Ciencias, Flavio Salazar Onfray, es biólogo de la Universidad de Upsala (Suecia), doctor en Inmunología del Instituto Karolinska (Suecia) y militante del Partido Comunista. Su desafío, dice, es articular las iniciativas de avance hacia un nuevo modelo de desarrollo que incluya a la ciencia, que se sustente en el conocimiento y que trabaje para mejores condiciones para las próximas generaciones.
Por Adriana Bastías Barrientos
Para muchas personas, el hablar de ciencias y tecnologías o la generación de conocimientos parece algo alejado de nuestra vida diaria y nuestros problemas cotidianos. Pero, tal vez, el pensar que el aparato desde el cual lees esta entrevista se generó gracias al aporte científico y tecnológico, nos de un atisbo de la importancia de estas áreas en nuestro diario vivir.
Más aún, tras un período de pandemia por la Covid 19 en el que la virtualidad se tomó gran parte de nuestras actividades diarias por un buen tiempo. Educación, trabajo y trámites (servicios) son algunos de los ámbitos en que nos vimos obligados a apoyarnos en la tecnología para poder cumplir nuestras obligaciones y/o las de quienes nos rodean. Escuchamos hablar y conversamos sobre la crisis climática, el acuerdo de Escazú, la biodiversidad, el cambio del modelo de desarrollo, la escasez hídrica y, nuevamente, la generación de conocimientos, las ciencias, la tecnología, y la innovación se cuelan en cada uno de estos temas, como recordándonos que muchas de las cosas que utilizamos o sabemos en la actualidad y, que damos por hecho, fueron en el pasado aportes desde las ciencias y las humanidades.
Corría el segundo semestre de 2018, cuando por primera vez en Chile se creaba, mediante la ley 21.105, el Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación. Desde mucho antes, tanto en las discusiones en el Congreso Nacional que buscaban crear esta nueva institucionalidad en el país, como aportando en las mesas de trabajo para generar los programas en el área de ciencias y tecnología de quienes postulaban a la presidencia por la izquierda, era común encontrarse con quien el 11 de marzo asumió oficialmente como ministro de la cartera, el Dr. Flavio Salazar Onfray, biólogo de la Universidad de Upsala (Suecia). Salazar es doctor en Inmunología del Instituto Karolinska (Suecia), y milita en el Partido Comunista. A su regreso a Chile, en 1999, ingresó como académico a la Universidad de Chile, donde es profesor titular y se desempeñó como vicerrector de Investigación y Desarrollo, desde 2014 hasta asumir este cargo en el gobierno de Gabriel Boric. Sus áreas de investigación están relacionadas con la inmunología antitumoral, es autor de dos libros sobre cáncer y de una gran cantidad de publicaciones científicas sobre el tema. Ha sido presidente de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Inmunología, la Sociedad Chilena de Inmunología, y del directorio del cluster tecnológico KnowHub Chile, entre otros. Además, ha sido fundador de dos empresas spin-off, Oncobiomed (2002) dedicada a inmunoterapia y Bionex (2007) de asesoría científica básica.
A pocas semanas de asumir el cargo de ministro de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación, El Regionalista tuvo la oportunidad de conversar con el Dr. Flavio Salazar para conocer cuáles serán los principales desafíos que se enfrentan en el área.
¿Cómo han sido sus días desde su nombramiento como ministro de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación hasta ahora?
Los días han sido muy intensos, muy motivantes por la envergadura de la misión, por la complejidad que tiene, pero también por todo el cariño que me ha mostrado la gente, así que ha estado bastante bien.
¿Cuáles son los principales desafíos del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación?
El desafío del Ministerio de Ciencia es transformarse en un motor, en un articulador de las iniciativas que tienen que ver con el avanzar hacia un nuevo modelo de desarrollo, que incluya a la ciencia, que se sustente en el conocimiento, que, en el fondo, trabaje para mejores condiciones para las próximas generaciones.
Dentro del programa de gobierno del presidente Gabriel Boric se anunció el aumento de presupuesto en ciencia, tecnología, conocimiento e innovación. ¿Cómo cree que se irá dando esta situación?
Con respecto al aumento presupuestario, es un compromiso presidencial que esperamos se cumpla, y creo que está toda la voluntad para hacerlo. Durante este primer semestre, vamos a tener que trabajar desde el Ministerio para hacer la propuesta que corresponda, para ir aumentando paulatinamente el presupuesto; creemos que para el año 2023, probablemente, va a haber un aumento, vamos a ver en que área específicamente. Pero, dentro de los objetivos está el mejorar las condiciones de quienes trabajan en todo el proceso de generación de conocimiento, sobre todo los estudiantes y los técnicos que tienen situaciones más precarias. También relevar el rol de las mujeres dentro de la ciencia, a través de programas especiales y grandes proyectos de interés nacional que, de alguna manera, requieran altos presupuestos financieros para poder hacer avanzar la ciencia y la tecnología en el país.
¿Cómo le gustaría que se incorporara la mirada de género en el Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación?
Con respecto a la mirada de género, nosotros tenemos un compromiso: este es un gobierno feminista, como la ha dicho el presidente. Nosotros tenemos ya el mandato de constituir una unidad de Género dentro del Ministerio, así lo había hecho yo en la vicerrectoría (de la Universidad de Chile) también. Por lo tanto, no es un trabajo ajeno, estamos buscando la forma de cómo vamos a organizarlo, pero la tarea esa se está asumiendo con mucha convicción por parte del ministro y de la subsecretaria.
¿Qué cree será lo más complejo en su primer año de instalación en el Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación?
Lo más complejo que vamos a encontrar es establecer nuevos procesos, nuevos programas y nuevas formas de organizar la ciencia para poder cumplir con los objetivos. No es fácil, existe una dotación, tanto dentro de la ANID como del Ministerio que es limitada y, por lo tanto, no puede absorber grandes recursos en un corto período, vamos a tener que ajustar eso, pero creo que lo vamos a lograr con el trabajo de todos
¿Le gustaría dejar un mensaje adicional?
Finalmente, que la ciudadanía tenga la confianza que existe la convicción de que, desde el Ministerio, vamos a trabajar por el sistema de ciencia y tecnología, pero no solamente para los investigadores y los académicos, sino para los ciudadanos y las próximas generaciones. Queremos hacer un llamado y contar con la Academia, con los científicos, con las universidades, con las regiones, queremos descentralizar, queremos hacer avanzar inclusivamente, y creo es una tarea de todos, es un desafío que vamos a poder asumir con la ayuda de todos, si contamos también con las investigadoras.
50 comentarios en “La visión del primer comunista en el Ministerio de Ciencias”
Excelente entrevista y muy buena elección para el ministerio, todo el éxito en el cumplimiento de todo lo que se propongan para el desarrollo sustentable de tod@s los habitantes de nuestro hermoso país.
Este medio tiene miradas interesantes de las personas. Muy bien eso. Ah, y respecto al entrevistado, por una parte, parece que la palabra comunista va siendo familiar para bastante gente, y por otro lado, el enfoque humano de la tecnología es vital hoy en día.
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