En el día de la primera cuenta pública del gobierno de Boric, Rolando Cárdenas hace un análisis de los aciertos y los desafíos del gobierno. Además, nos habla del proceso que se inicia este 4 de julio ad portas del plebiscito del 4 de septiembre.
Rolando Cárdenas
La Espada de Damocles
El presidente Boric ha visto menguar, de manera acelerada, la aprobación a su gestión. Además de una fuerte caída en sus atributos, todo esto en un escenario en que los graves problemas de seguridad y creciente inflación están haciendo mella, transformándose en los principales problemas que preocupan a las personas.
No es que se culpe al gobierno de estos problemas, sobre todo si aún no cumple tres meses desde que asumió el poder, el 11 de marzo. Lo que ha sucedido es que el gobierno, al estar en un estado permanente de confusión, hace dudar a las personas de que tengan las capacidades para enfrentar estas situaciones.
Mucho se repite la frase de que, si hacemos las mismas cosas, obtendremos los mismos resultados. Por tanto, repetir las mismas recetas de los gobiernos anteriores no garantiza que se mejoren las cosas. Decimos esto porque está claro que, si sólo se enfrenta el conflicto en la Macrozona Sur con presencia militar, disminuirán los delitos, pero no desaparecerán y no se estarán enfrentando las causas de tal.
Es cierto que debe haber una acción represiva, además de enfrentar con mejores herramientas policiales a las bandas delictuales que asolan el territorio. Pero debe avanzarse decididamente en una agenda concreta de soluciones al conflicto, y el escenario pareciera que abre posibilidades.
Las comunidades de Lleu Lleu, donde asesinaron al trabajador mapuche Segundo Catril, han demandado al gobierno que se establezca una mesa de trabajo con propuestas concretas, el Senador Huenchumilla indicaba que las empresas forestales tienen disposición para poder avanzar en un acuerdo; es decir, es esencial que el gobierno avance en dos caminos: por un lado, la capacidad de reprimir la violencia y, por otra, atacar los problemas de fondo que tiene la sociedad. Esto es válido en la Macrozona Sur o Norte, y en la violencia que se vive en distintas zonas del país.
De nuevo estalla un caso de abuso del gran empresariado, en este caso Metrogas. Dado que la comercialización del gas está regulada, se creó una empresa relacionada que le vendía gas a un precio mayor y, de esta manera, aumentaba sus ganancias de manera exponencial sin incumplir la legislación. Es legal, probablemente; si es ético, no, rotundamente. El ministro de Economía decía que se está presentando un proyecto de ley para enfrentar esta situación, lo que, siendo correcto, no da la señal de fuerza que se espera de un gobierno que llega con el discurso de impedir los abusos.
Hay vacíos y demoras en la gestión del gobierno, que está pasándole la cuenta en la aprobación de la ciudadanía. Por supuesto, hay tiempo de rectificar; veremos si la división de las visiones, o las denominadas dos almas que apoyan al gobierno, no paralizan su gestión. Boric, en su carrera política, ha demostrado que es pragmático: sabe navegar contra la corriente y esperamos que tome definiciones que permitan avanzar en las soluciones que requiere el país.
La caída de la aprobación presidencial, por cierto, arrastra al conjunto del gobierno. Sin embargo, hay ministros que han mantenido una buena evaluación, como el caso de Marcel en Hacienda, que sigue con altos niveles de aprobación; incluso cuando las medidas que debe impulsar no siempre son populares. Lo mismo las ministras de Salud, Defensa, Segegob, los ministros de Educación, Economía y Segpres, cuyas evaluaciones positivas superan las evaluaciones negativas. Izkia Siches, en Interior, es quien ha retrocedido más, y pareciera que ya es muy difícil que pueda mantener mucho tiempo más en esa cartera.
Tres casos de un gran avance en el grado de conocimiento por parte de la ciudadanía son Alexandra Benado en Deporte, Claudio Huepe en Energía y Esteban Valenzuela en Agricultura. Este último, además, con un altísimo nivel de aprobación en las evaluaciones que realiza el gobierno.
Mañana, 1 de junio, el presidente Boric dará cuenta al país. Hay expectativas diversas, pero todas coinciden que es el momento de fijar prioridades y definiciones de hacia dónde estarán las opciones de este gobierno: delincuencia, migración, conflicto en la Macrozona Sur, reforma previsional, reforma tributaria, entre otras, son materias que requieren acciones concretas. Esperaremos su cuenta para evaluar sus opciones estratégicas.
La nueva Constitución
Ya estamos ad portas de tener el documento que se presentará a la consideración de la ciudadanía para pronunciarse en el plebiscito de salida del 4 de septiembre, cuya campaña parte el 4 de julio. Está claro que las campañas apelarán más a las emociones que a la racionalidad de las y los electores, por lo que las caricaturas, fake news, y descalificaciones serán la norma; no la excepción.
Es de esperar que la mayor parte de la ciudadanía se informe primero de la existencia del plebiscito, que su participación responda más a su deseo de participar y no a la obligación que la ley establece, y que los medios jueguen un rol de difusión de la propuesta constitucional. Al menos es lo que este medio pretende hacer en sus próximas ediciones.
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