Reflexiono cómo Rancagua ha llegado a la situación en que está, ensombrecida por la corrupción. Y recuerdo que esa transformación se inició allá por 2002-2003 con el estallido del caso Coimas que involucró a una serie de personajes de la entonces Concertación y uno de cuyos epicentros estuvo en la capital regional. Ese episodio concluyó con el entonces diputado Juan Pablo Letelier preso, detención que fue ratificada 3-0 por la Corte local.
Edison Ortiz
Durante la semana me llamó una periodista de un diario de circulación nacional, (La Tercera) que estaba preparando un reportaje sobre la corrupción en Rancagua. Su intención era buscar una perspectiva histórica sobre un problema que, en términos de imagen e identidad complica a quienes vivimos, habitamos y queremos esta urbe que, según un viejo escritor, es “un puerto sin mar y sin orillas, junto a una montaña de cobre, lugar de paso, donde los hombres llegan, viven un tiempo en cualquiera forma y se van”. El símbolo de la no identidad.
Me puse entonces a pensar luego de conversar con ella, cómo, después de un pasado épico, llegamos hasta aquí. Cómo alcanzó este punto la city del mundial de fútbol que nos puso en el concierto internacional, en un planeta que daba sus primeros pasos rumbo a la globalización, la ciudad de la “segunda independencia de Chile”, en el decir de Allende, “la histórica ciudad”, en el decir de Benito Limardo, la de las protestas del 11 de mayo de 1983, dirigidas por sindicalistas tenientinos, como Rodolfo Seguel, a quien por esos tiempos, en “Las parrilladas Lizana”, el alcalde designado, Juan Masferrer, puso una pistola en la cabeza por protestar contra la presencia del intendente-militar designado. Pensé qué le sucedió a esta ciudad, que eligió a uno de los alcaldes más jóvenes de Chile en 1992 y que fue símbolo de la buena gestión municipal.
Nace una estrella: la corrupción en Rancagua
De la denuncia del alcalde Valenzuela a una empresa de basura que quiso coimearlo en su propia oficina en 1995, al allanamiento de la PDI a las dependencias del municipio, Cormun y la propia residencia personal del alcalde Godoy, han pasado casi 28 años, prácticamente tres décadas, en las que esa rica identidad se fue diluyendo arrastrada por los hechos conocidos, quedando en entredicho hasta ser adjetivada por un conocido periodista como “la capital nacional de la corrupción”.
Comencemos por la propia denuncia de Esteban Valenzuela: no concluyó con ningún preso ni condena, mientras el alcalde en ejercicio tuvo la oposición acérrima de una conocida familia política concertacionista que encabezaba el senador oficialista de entonces.
Recuerdo que esa transformación se inició allá por 2002-2003 con el estallido del caso Coimas que involucró a una serie de personajes de la entonces Concertación y uno de cuyos epicentros estuvo en la capital regional. Ese episodio concluyó con el entonces diputado Juan Pablo Letelier preso, detención que fue ratificada 3-0 por la Corte local, pero cuya suerte se decidió en la Corte Suprema, en una resolución que da para una antología de las irregularidades. En vez de ser castigado por la directiva de Camilo Escalona, el legislador fue premiado con un cupo senatorial, donde se impuso cómodamente con la complicidad de los votantes de la región. Un poco más tarde, en 2003, reventó el caso MOP-GATE en su versión local, que terminó con el entonces intendente Ricardo Trincado, entre otros, preso. El acuerdo Insulza-Longueira permitió la impunidad y dar vuelta la página.
El 2007 estalló una arista local del “Chile recortes”, ocasión en que nuevamente no pasó nada.
No recuerdo muy bien si antes, o después, en Pichilemu, hubo tres alcaldes y algunos concejales presos.
Vinieron en 2009, los famosos correos electrónicos de la intendencia, hubo un allanamiento al edifico del gobierno regional, pero, a poco andar, todo quedó en nada.
El gobierno de derecha de Piñera no cambió mucho el panorama y en torno a la reconstrucción post terremoto de 2010, se generaron suculentos negocios inmobiliarios, al punto que hubo una acusación a la ministra de Vivienda de entonces.
El 2015, estalló el negocio Caval, aquí en el límite entre Rancagua y Machalí en que, además, estuvieron involucrados, desde personeros públicos de la administración regional de Bachelet, hasta operadores locales de la UDI. Después del escándalo, que acabó prácticamente con el gobierno de Bachelet, no pasó nada y uno de los hombres, que por parte de fiscalía, había llevado el juicio contra el hijo de la presidenta, casualmente era nominado para una plaza de notario público por aquel gobierno.
En paralelo, los escándalos de la vida privada del entonces alcalde de Rancagua, Eduardo Soto, hasta entonces off the record, se hacían públicos cuando el edil debió reconocer el pago de una extorsión a un joven, mientras en paralelo, el caso se confundía con irregularidades en la corporación del Teatro Regional, creada por él mismo y cuyo administrador reconoció que él compraba hasta televisores para distribuir entre organizaciones sociales, en un cúmulo de proyectos perdidos y dineros malversados.
Debido a los constantes conflictos entre el fiscal regional y el nacional, el caso, se dijo, fue trasladado a la Fiscalía sur metropolitana, desde donde se iba a anunciar la formalización del alcalde Soto, el 24 de mayo de 2019. Repentinamente, la entonces presidenta de la UDI, Jacqueline Van Rysselberghe, intervino en una visita exprés, proclamando su confianza plena “en la inocencia del alcalde Soto”. Al día siguiente la vocera de la Fiscalía sur, Sandra Reveco, anunció la suspensión de la formalización a Eduardo Soto. Durante los tres días previos, el ministro del Interior, Andrés Chadwick, padre político del alcalde de Rancagua, se había reunido con el Fiscal metropolitano sur, Raúl Guzmán quien, con los votos gremialistas y de RN alcanzó luego la secretaría del Senado. Hace poco, el actual concejal local Patricio Henriquez me confesó que en el invierno del año pasado solicitó audiencia al fiscal Barros, quien tenía a cargo el proceso y constató que en tres años el caso no se había movido un ápice.
Ni hablar de las peticiones de prisión de fiscalía para dos concejales, uno actualmente en ejercicio, a los que se les comprobó malversación de caudales públicos, para quienes se solicitaban penas de 200 y 300 días, pero cuyo juicio nunca se realizó, hasta que el delito prescribió en junio de 2021.
También en 2019, se conoció el caso de jueces de la Corte de Apelaciones de Rancagua, quienes estaban involucrados en casos de soborno y corrupción. Finalmente, la Corte Suprema destituyó a Emilio Elgueta y Marcelo Vásquez, en tanto otro de los involucrados, Marcelo Albornoz se suicidó durante la investigación.
Impunidad, tráfico de influencias y complicidad
En todos los casos antes mencionados se conjugan la idea de “salvar a cómo dé lugar a los nuestros”, aunque la evidencia señale que son indefendibles, la complicidad entre poder político y judicial y una cierta cultura de la impunidad, amasada en torno a la convicción respaldad por la evidencia de que nunca pasará nada.
Como lo relató El Regionalista en varias oportunidades, la gestión de Juan Godoy, apenas a meses de asumir, evidenciaba signos de irregularidades tanto en Cormun como en el propio municipio, todo lo cual hoy tiene al alcalde imputado y a Rancagua nuevamente en la palestra nacional por casos de corrupción.
La otra responsabilidad: ciudadanos y actores políticos
Cuando ironizábamos, allá por 2015, sobre “la capital nacional de la corrupción”, como una manera de llamar la atención y poner límite a una adjetivación que le podía costar caro a nuestra ciudad en su imagen en el país, algunos dirigentes sociales se enojaban conmigo; recuerdo en especial a uno, homónimo, muy cercano al edil Soto. La historia ha demostrado que, por actitudes como la suya, y la irresponsabilidad también de ciudadanos y ciudadanas locales llegamos hasta aquí. No me cabe la menor duda que si Soto hubiese podido ir a la reelección en 2021 lo más probable es que hubiese sido electo.
Ni hablar del rol de parlamentarios y líderes de partidos. En el caso de Eduardo Soto, ha sido la responsabilidad de Andrés Chadwick y del gremialismo nacional. En el caso de Godoy, Juan Luis Castro, su gran promotor, y el PS que lo acogió.
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